Shih Tzu
This page is educational reference material for preparing questions. A licensed veterinarian examines the animal, makes the diagnosis, and sets the treatment.
Practical guide to the best dog food for Shih Tzus based on their small size, low energy level, and health needs including brachycephalic syndrome.
Nutritional Needs of Shih Tzus
As a small toy breed with low energy levels, the Shih Tzu has specific nutritional requirements that differ from other dogs. Understanding these needs is key to keeping your Shih Tzu healthy throughout their 10-18 yrs lifespan.
Shih Tzus typically weigh 9-16 lbs and need approximately 400–800 calories per day, depending on age, activity level, and metabolism. Shih Tzus are relatively low-energy and prone to weight gain, so careful portion control is essential.
Breed-Specific Health Profile: Research identifies brachycephalic syndrome, dental disease, eye problems as conditions with higher prevalence in Shih Tzus. These are population-level trends, not individual certainties. Discuss with your veterinarian which screening tests are recommended for your Shih Tzu.
Daily Feeding Guidelines
| Life Stage | Daily Amount | Meals Per Day | Calories |
|---|---|---|---|
| Puppy (2-6 months) | 0.5-1 cup | 3-4 | 200-500 |
| Puppy (6-12 months) | 0.5-1.5 cups | 2-3 | 300-600 |
| Adult | 0.5–1.5 cups | 2 | 400–800 |
| Senior (7+ years) | 0.5-1 cup | 2 | 300-600 |
Health-Specific Diet Considerations
Shih Tzus are prone to several health conditions that can be managed or prevented through proper nutrition.
- Brachycephalic Syndrome: Look for foods with nutrients that support brachycephalic syndrome management
- Eye Problems: Look for foods with nutrients that support eye problems management
Best Protein Sources for Shih Tzus
- Chicken and turkey: Lean, easily digestible proteins ideal for most Shih Tzus
Foods to Avoid
Never feed your Shih Tzu these dangerous foods.
- Macadamia nuts and alcohol
- Cooked bones (splintering risk)
Supplements Worth Considering
Based on Shih Tzu-specific health concerns, these supplements may benefit your dog.
- Glucosamine: Supports joint health as your Shih Tzu ages
Wet Food vs Dry Food for Shih Tzus
Both wet and dry food have advantages for Shih Tzus.
- Mixed feeding: Many Shih Tzu owners find success combining both for balanced nutrition and variety
Feeding Mistakes to Avoid
Common feeding errors that Shih Tzu owners make include:
- Overuse of treats: Treats should make up no more than 10% of your Shih Tzu's daily caloric intake. Many training treats are high in calories, so adjust meal portions accordingly.
- Ignoring body condition: Use the body condition score (BCS) system to assess your Shih Tzu's weight rather than relying solely on scale numbers. You should be able to feel the ribs without pressing hard.
Age-Specific Nutrition Considerations
Your Shih Tzu's nutritional needs change significantly throughout their life.
Adult stage (1-7 years): Maintain a consistent feeding routine with measured portions. Monitor weight monthly and adjust food amounts based on activity level, seasonal changes, and body condition. Adult Shih Tzus benefit from a protein content of 22-30%.
Senior stage (7+ years): Older Shih Tzus may need fewer calories but higher-quality protein to maintain muscle mass. Senior formulas often include joint-supporting nutrients like glucosamine and chondroitin, plus antioxidants for cognitive health. Watch for changes in appetite.
More Shih Tzu Guides
Find more specific guidance for Shih Tzu health and care.
- Shih Tzu Pet Insurance Cost
- How to Train a Shih Tzu
- Shih Tzu Grooming Guide
- Shih Tzu Health Issues
- Shih Tzu Temperament & Personality
- Shih Tzu Exercise Needs
- Shih Tzu Cost of Ownership
- Adopt a Shih Tzu
Brachycephalic Airway Considerations
How much should I feed my Shih Tzu?
Adult Shih Tzus typically need 0.5–1.5 cups of high-quality food per day, split into two meals. Adjust based on your dog's activity level, age, and body condition score.
What is the best food brand for Shih Tzus?
Look for foods that list real meat as the first ingredient, meet AAFCO standards, and address Shih Tzu-specific health needs like brachycephalic syndrome. Brands offering small breed-specific formulas are often a good choice.
Should I feed my Shih Tzu grain-free food?
Extra weight makes a Shih Tzu's brachycephalic airway harder, and dental disease needs dentistry. Grain-free food does not open the nostrils or clean the teeth. Keep the dog lean on a complete dog food and brush the teeth between dental procedures. A grain allergy is uncommon in Shih Tzus and is a clinic diagnosis.